Participative Management is a necessary evil in the organisation. Examine this statement in the light of the following aspects.

1. System 4 of Rensis Likert is not universal.
2. Matrix organisation of Chris Argyris is not essentially functional
3. Theory Y has no universal validity

Points
Participative management theory is a behaviouristic dimension of managing the organisations

It is developed by the scholars like Rensis Likert, Chris Argyris, and Mc Gregor

Participative Management is necessary because

• It is democratic
• It is motivating
• It fulfils the psychological of the employee
• It promotes productivity

It is an evil because – 

• Participation may be misunderstood
• It is a new technique of exploitation
• If it is not properly designed, it becomes dysfunctional participative management is analysed by the under the strategies of System – 4, Matrix, and Theory – Y

System 4 is not universally valid when the employees are not self disciplined

Matrix Organisation creates disputes and confusion.

Theory – Y will not be universal as it is not suitable to the organisations like PSUs in India.